Best European Alternatives to Google Drive
Looking for a European alternative to Google Drive? Google's cloud storage is convenient but gives Google full access to your files for scanning and analysis. Your data is stored on US servers subject to American laws.
European cloud storage providers offer encrypted storage with privacy-first architecture. Your files stay in Europe, protected by GDPR.
How we rank these tools — 4-step process
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European ownership, verified
The company is headquartered and incorporated in the EU, EEA or Switzerland, and processes customer data in Europe. A US parent company disqualifies a tool from this page regardless of where its servers are.
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Category fit and hands-on review
What the tool actually does, who it suits, and where it falls short — checked against the vendor’s own documentation, changelog and pricing page rather than its marketing copy.
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Compliance and pricing check
GDPR posture, hosting location and the prices quoted on this page are verified against the vendor’s public pricing before publication, and re-checked when we revisit the category.
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Position on this page
Placement on this page can be paid, and that can affect which tools appear here and the order they appear in. It never buys a good review: a tool that fails the checks above is not here at any price, and payment does not change the shortcomings we write about. A vendor can ask us to correct a factual error — not to remove a criticism.
Vendors can pay for visibility on this page. It never changes what an entry says about a product, including the criticism, and we earn nothing when you click through to a vendor. Paid placement can affect which tools appear here and the order they appear in. Editorial policy
6 European Alternatives to Google Drive
Tresorit
End-to-end encrypted cloud storage for business
Nextcloud
Self-hosted cloud storage with full control over your data
Internxt
Decentralized cloud storage with military-grade encryption
kDrive
Swiss cloud storage with collaborative features
pCloud
Secure cloud storage with lifetime plans available
Tuta Drive
Encrypted storage from the Tuta mailbox, in closed beta
Key takeaways
- A Google Doc is not a file; exporting it converts it, and comments, suggestions, revision history and live chart links do not come across.
- Google's client-side encryption is only available on Frontline Plus, Enterprise Plus and the Education editions, so most Business Standard customers cannot buy it at all.
- Workspace data regions cover the core services in the United States or Europe, and explicitly exclude logs and cached content.
- The 2 TB Google One tier is now sold as Google AI Plus at €9.99 a month, so storage at that level comes with a Gemini subscription attached.
- kDrive and Nextcloud are the only two options here that replace the editing half of Drive as well as the storage half.
Why people leave Google Drive
Drive is not a folder that syncs. It is the storage layer under Docs, Sheets and Slides, and that is what makes leaving it different from leaving any other cloud drive.
A Google Doc is not a document sitting on a disk somewhere; it is a pointer into Google's editor. Export it and you get a conversion, and the comments, the suggestion history, the revision trail and the link between a chart and the spreadsheet behind it do not survive the trip.
On the consumer side the arrangement has changed in a way worth noticing. A Google account still comes with 15 GB, and 100 GB still costs €1.99 a month.
Above that, the 2 TB tier is now sold as Google AI Plus at €9.99 and the 5 TB tier as Google AI Pro at €21.99. The storage price has not moved; what has changed is that at the tier most households land on, you are buying a Gemini subscription whether or not that is what you came for.
On the business side Google has done real work and it stops in a specific place. Data regions let you pin Workspace data to Europe, and they are available well down the price list, not only at the top. Client-side encryption — the one configuration in which Google does not hold your keys — is restricted to Frontline Plus, Enterprise Plus and the Education editions. A Business Standard customer cannot buy it at any price.
- The files are not files Every other migration in this category is a copy operation. This one is a format conversion. Docs become .docx, Sheets become .xlsx, Slides become .pptx, and each conversion drops something: threaded comments, suggested edits, version history, the live connection between a chart and its source range, and any add-on that was doing work inside the document. Nobody notices on the day of the move. They notice six weeks later when a formula stops updating.
- Encryption you cannot buy Google's client-side encryption is a genuine feature and it does what it says: the content is unreadable to Google. It is also only sold on Frontline Plus, Enterprise Plus, Education Standard and Education Plus. For the small and mid-sized organisations on Business Standard or Business Plus, the option simply does not exist, while every European provider on this page offers zero-knowledge storage as the default or as a normal paid feature.
- A region is not a boundary Data regions cover the content of the core services, in the United States or Europe, at rest and in processing. Google documents what they do not cover, and the answer is logs and cached content. That is a narrower exclusion list than some competitors publish, and it is not nothing: an operational log describing who opened which file from where is often the record an organisation would least like to be outside its chosen region.
- Storage now arrives with a model attached The 2 TB tier being branded Google AI Plus is not a price rise and this page will not pretend it is. It is a change in what you are buying. An organisation or a household that wanted a larger Drive and has a settled position on generative AI now finds the two sold together, and there is no plain-storage option at that level. Several providers here still sell storage as storage, and for some buyers that is the entire decision.
What you have to replace, not just match
Separate the three jobs Drive does before you look at a price list, because no single European product covers all three and the shortlists are different.
The first is storage and sync: a folder on your machines, a drive letter, streaming files without filling the disk. Every tool on this page does this.
The second is collaborative editing: two people typing in the same document at the same time, with comments and suggestions. Only two of the six touch that seriously. The third is the sharing surface — links sent to people with no account, permissions inherited down a folder tree, and the fifteen external collaborators who have had edit access since 2021.
If your Drive is mostly PDFs, photographs and exports from other systems, this is a straightforward move. If your organisation runs on live Docs and Sheets, you are replacing an editor, and the honest options narrow to two.
The alternatives compared
| Position | Tool | Headquarters | Pricing | Jurisdiction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Tresorit | Zurich, Switzerland | From about €10.42/month (Personal) | Switzerland (adequacy decision, outside the EEA) |
| #2 | Nextcloud | Stuttgart, Germany | Free self-hosted / Enterprise plans on request | EU (Germany) |
| #3 | Internxt | Valencia, Spain | Free 1GB / from about €0.89/month; lifetime plans available | EU (Spain) |
| #4 | kDrive | Geneva, Switzerland | Free 15GB / from CHF 5.99/month | Switzerland (adequacy decision, outside the EEA) |
| #5 | pCloud | Baar, Switzerland | From about €49.99/year or €199 lifetime (500GB) | Switzerland (adequacy decision, outside the EEA) |
| #6 | Tuta Drive | Hanover, Germany | Free (1GB) / from about €3/month | EU (Germany) |
How each alternative compares to Google Drive
- Which law reaches it. Switzerland (adequacy decision, outside the EEA). Google Drive is run from the United States, so the CLOUD Act obliges the provider to hand over data on a valid order regardless of which country the servers are in.
- Where the data sits. Switzerland, Ireland, Netherlands.
- Source code. Closed source, as Google Drive is.
- Independently checked. Independently audited, zero-knowledge.
Best for: Small and mid-sized organisations that need encryption Google will not sell them
Tresorit AG works from Zurich and is a subsidiary of Swiss Post, which is an unusual owner in this market: a state-owned postal operator rather than a venture fund with an exit horizon. Storage is zero-knowledge by default and independently audited, and the encryption extends beyond file contents to file names and folder structure.
The comparison with Drive is unusually precise. Google does offer encryption the provider cannot break, and it sells it on Frontline Plus, Enterprise Plus and the Education editions only. Tresorit sells the same guarantee to a company of eight from about €10.42 a month, with no edition ladder to climb, and it can keep data in Switzerland, Ireland or the Netherlands.
What you give up is the half of Drive that is not storage. There is no equivalent of Docs, no live co-editing, and searching inside document contents is limited because a server that cannot read a file cannot index it. There is also no free tier at all, only a 14-day trial, which makes it the hardest option here to try quietly.
What Tresorit does better than Google Drive
- Zero-knowledge by default on every plan, where Google restricts client-side encryption to specific editions
- File names and folder structure are encrypted too, not only file contents
- Owned by Swiss Post, a state-owned operator, rather than by a company that sells advertising
- Swiss, Irish or Dutch storage with no American parent anywhere in the chain
- Admin controls and share-link governance designed for regulated work rather than retrofitted
Where Tresorit is a step down from Google Drive
- No collaborative editor, so Docs and Sheets have to go somewhere else entirely
- Search inside file contents is limited, which is a real loss against Drive's search
- No free tier, only a 14-day trial, so evaluation needs a purchase decision first
- More expensive per person than Google One at a comparable storage level
Standout against Google Drive. It gives an eight-person company the guarantee Google will only sell to an Enterprise Plus customer.
- Which law reaches it. EU (Germany). Google Drive is run from the United States, so the CLOUD Act obliges the provider to hand over data on a valid order regardless of which country the servers are in.
- Where the data sits. Wherever you host it.
- Source code. Open source, where Google Drive is not: you can read what it does rather than take the description on trust.
Best for: Organisations whose Drive problem is really a Workspace problem
Nextcloud GmbH in Stuttgart publishes under the AGPL, and the reason it ranks second on a Google Drive page rather than further down is that it is one of only two options here that addresses collaborative editing. Attach an office suite to a Nextcloud instance and a team gets the same working pattern Drive gave them: open a document together, comment, edit, save, all in a browser.
The difference is who holds it. Run the server yourself and there is no provider at all, so the question of which edition unlocks encryption and which region holds the logs simply does not arise. That is a categorically stronger position than choosing a European region inside an American product, and it is the only option on this page that reaches it.
It is also the only option that needs an owner. Somebody has to run updates, keep backups and answer for uptime, and Nextcloud's desktop client has never been as smooth as Drive for desktop on very large trees. Managed Nextcloud hosting from a European provider removes most of that work and is the route most small organisations should take.
What Nextcloud does better than Google Drive
- Collaborative document editing alongside the files, which most storage alternatives do not attempt
- Self-hosted, so no provider holds the data and no edition gates the encryption
- AGPL licensed, so the behaviour can be inspected rather than taken from a documentation page
- No per-seat cost at all once running, against €9.99 a month for 2 TB of consumer Google One
- Calendar, contacts, video calls and groupware included, covering more of Workspace than Drive alone
Where Nextcloud is a step down from Google Drive
- Requires somebody to own the server, the upgrades and the backups
- The desktop client is slower than Drive for desktop on very large file trees
- Real-time co-editing is capable but less polished than Google's, which is the benchmark users will apply
- Mobile applications are workmanlike rather than good
Standout against Google Drive. It is the only option here where both the documents and the editor that opens them run on hardware you control.
- Which law reaches it. EU (Spain). Google Drive is run from the United States, so the CLOUD Act obliges the provider to hand over data on a valid order regardless of which country the servers are in.
- Where the data sits. European Union.
- Source code. Open source, where Google Drive is not: you can read what it does rather than take the description on trust.
- Independently checked. HIPAA, ISO 27001, SOC 2, open source.
Best for: People who wanted more space and did not want a Gemini subscription with it
Internxt is based in Valencia and its position on this page is defined by the thing Google changed. The 2 TB Google One tier is now Google AI Plus, and buying storage at that level means buying an AI subscription alongside it. Internxt sells space, from about €0.89 a month, with a free tier at 1 GB and lifetime plans available.
It is zero-knowledge by default and open source, with HIPAA, ISO 27001 and SOC 2 behind it, and it is a Spanish company so the jurisdiction is EU from end to end. For a household or a small team whose objection to Drive was the bundle rather than the technology, this is the most direct answer here.
It is also the youngest and smallest company on this page, which is worth weighing honestly for anything you intend to keep for a decade. The integration catalogue is thin next to Google's, and there is nothing resembling Docs.
What Internxt does better than Google Drive
- Storage sold on its own, where Google's 2 TB tier now arrives as an AI subscription
- From about €0.89 a month, the lowest entry price on this page
- Zero-knowledge by default and open source, against encryption Google gates by edition
- Spanish company with EU storage, so one jurisdiction from company to disk
- Lifetime plans available for anyone who would rather not have a monthly line at all
Where Internxt is a step down from Google Drive
- The youngest and smallest company here, which matters over a ten-year horizon
- No collaborative editor, so the Docs half of Drive is unaddressed
- A thin integration catalogue compared with Drive's place in every Google product
- Sync has been less consistent than Google's on very large libraries
Standout against Google Drive. It is the cleanest answer to the specific complaint that a bigger Drive now comes with a model attached.
- Which law reaches it. Switzerland (adequacy decision, outside the EEA). Google Drive is run from the United States, so the CLOUD Act obliges the provider to hand over data on a valid order regardless of which country the servers are in.
- Where the data sits. Switzerland (Geneva, Winterthur).
- Source code. Open source, where Google Drive is not: you can read what it does rather than take the description on trust.
- Independently checked. ISO 27001, 100% renewable energy.
Best for: Households and teams leaving Workspace, not only Drive
kDrive is Infomaniak's storage product, run from the company's own datacentres in Geneva and Winterthur, and it starts with 15 GB free — the same figure Google gives every account, which makes it the easiest like-for-like trial on this page. Paid plans begin at about CHF 5.99 a month.
It is one of only two options here with collaborative document editing in the browser, and it sits inside a suite that also covers mail and calendar. For a family or an organisation whose real problem is Workspace rather than Drive specifically, that means one supplier rather than three, and a Swiss one operating under an adequacy decision.
The limits are reach and polish. The mobile and desktop clients are good rather than exceptional, the editing is capable but it is not Google Docs, and a team that pushes co-editing hard will feel the difference within a week. Swiss hosting also puts the files outside the EU, which is an advantage for some buyers and a disqualification for others.
What kDrive does better than Google Drive
- A free tier of 15 GB, matching exactly what a Google account includes
- Collaborative document editing included, where most storage alternatives offer none
- Mail and calendar in the same suite, so leaving Workspace does not mean three separate migrations
- Infomaniak owns its Geneva and Winterthur datacentres rather than renting capacity from a hyperscaler
- Swiss jurisdiction with an adequacy decision, and no American parent company
Where kDrive is a step down from Google Drive
- Co-editing is less refined than Google Docs, which is the standard your team will judge it against
- Not zero-knowledge by default, so the provider can technically read stored files
- Two datacentres against Google's global network, which matters for latency outside central Europe
- Swiss rather than EU storage, which a procurement rule written around the single market can rule out
Standout against Google Drive. It is the only option here that gives you the same free allowance as Google and a document editor in the same account.
- Which law reaches it. Switzerland (adequacy decision, outside the EEA). Google Drive is run from the United States, so the CLOUD Act obliges the provider to hand over data on a valid order regardless of which country the servers are in.
- Where the data sits. Luxembourg (EU) or Texas (US) — your choice.
- Source code. Closed source, as Google Drive is.
Best for: Anyone who resents renting space for photographs they will never delete
pCloud AG operates from Baar and has been selling lifetime plans since 2013: about €199 once for 500 GB, against €49.99 a year on subscription. Set that against Google AI Plus at €9.99 a month and the arithmetic answers itself somewhere in year two.
The feature that matters for a Drive refugee specifically is pCloud Drive, which mounts as a network drive so files stream rather than occupying local disk. Anyone who used Drive for desktop in streaming mode will recognise the behaviour immediately, and it is the part most sync-folder alternatives get wrong. It also handles large photo and video libraries better than most of this list, which is what the 2 TB tier is usually holding.
Three honest caveats. Zero-knowledge encryption is pCloud Crypto, a paid extra rather than the default, so if privacy rather than price is your reason for leaving Google you must budget for it.
The company is Swiss but the storage is not automatically European: pCloud asks you to choose between Luxembourg and Texas, and picking the wrong one at signup puts your files in the jurisdiction you were trying to leave. And a lifetime plan is a bet on the company outliving the payback period, which is evidence-backed after more than a decade but is still a bet.
What pCloud does better than Google Drive
- Lifetime plans at about €199 for 500 GB, where Google only rents by the month
- Mounts as a network drive so files stream without filling the local disk, matching Drive for desktop's best habit
- Handles large photo and video libraries better than most encrypted alternatives
- Swiss company, with no American parent and no advertising business attached
- Storage sold plainly, with no AI subscription bundled into the tier you need
Where pCloud is a step down from Google Drive
- Zero-knowledge encryption is a paid add-on rather than the default
- Storage is Luxembourg or Texas by your choice at signup, so a US region is one wrong click away
- No collaborative editing, so the Docs and Sheets half of Drive is not addressed
- A lifetime plan depends on the company still being here in ten years
- Collaboration and sharing controls are thinner than Google's
Standout against Google Drive. It is the only option here whose ten-year cost is a single number you can put next to a hundred and twenty Google One charges.
- Which law reaches it. EU (Germany). Google Drive is run from the United States, so the CLOUD Act obliges the provider to hand over data on a valid order regardless of which country the servers are in.
- Where the data sits. Germany.
- Source code. Open source, where Google Drive is not: you can read what it does rather than take the description on trust.
Best for: People already inside Tuta who can wait for the public launch
Tuta GmbH in Hanover built its reputation on encrypted mail, and Tuta Drive extends the same architecture to files: end-to-end encrypted by default, described as quantum-resistant, hosted in Germany, with the code published as open source. For someone whose Gmail and Drive are one account, replacing both with one German provider is an appealing symmetry.
It is on this page because of where it is going, not where it is. At the time of writing Tuta Drive is in closed beta with a public launch expected within months. That is a fact this page is going to state rather than bury, because recommending a beta as a Drive replacement to someone with a decade of photographs in it would be irresponsible.
What is worth doing now is watching it. Germany is inside the EU, the company has a long record of shipping encrypted products and holding its position under pressure, and when it opens generally it will arrive with an already-encrypted mailbox beside it, which none of the other five here can offer.
What Tuta Drive does better than Google Drive
- End-to-end encrypted by default and described as quantum-resistant, where Google gates encryption by edition
- German company hosting in Germany, so EU jurisdiction from company to disk
- Open source, so the encryption can be inspected rather than described in a support article
- Arrives alongside an encrypted mailbox, which addresses the Gmail half of the same account
Where Tuta Drive is a step down from Google Drive
- In closed beta at the time of writing, so not generally available and not a migration target yet
- No collaborative document editing, and none announced
- No track record as a storage product, against a Drive that has run for well over a decade
- Feature set is unproven, including desktop sync behaviour on large libraries
Standout against Google Drive. It is the only entry here that would replace the Gmail and the Drive halves of a Google account with one German provider — once it actually opens.
What actually breaks when you switch
The conversion is the migration, not the copy. Takeout will hand you every Doc as a .docx and every Sheet as an .xlsx, and the bytes arrive intact while the working layer does not: comments flatten, suggested edits resolve, revision history disappears and cross-file formulas break. Decide in advance which documents are living and which are records, and only rebuild the living ones.
Then audit the sharing before you announce anything. Drive accumulates external collaborators the way a shared folder accumulates files, and the admin console's sharing report is usually the first time anyone sees how many people outside the organisation have standing access. Those permissions do not travel, and the people holding them did not agree to your project.
And look for the automations. Apps Script running on a schedule, a form feeding a sheet feeding a dashboard, an add-on that renames invoices, a Slides deck pulling a chart from a Sheet updated by someone in finance. Each is a small system somebody built, none is documented, and all of them stop on the same day.
What actually breaks when I export my Google Docs?
The document survives and the working history does not. Text, formatting, images and tables convert reliably into Office formats. Threaded comments usually flatten or vanish, suggested edits resolve into either accepted or rejected text, and the revision timeline is gone entirely.
Spreadsheets are the sharper problem. Formulas convert well, but anything Google-specific does not: IMPORTRANGE links between files, Apps Script automations, and charts in a Slides deck that update from a Sheet. Each of those is a small piece of infrastructure somebody built and nobody documented.
The practical method is to export everything as an archive for the record, then identify the twenty or thirty documents the organisation actually works in daily and rebuild those deliberately. Trying to migrate ten thousand files faithfully is a project that never finishes.
If Workspace can keep my data in Europe, why leave?
Because location and control are separate purchases here, and only one of them is widely available. Data regions put the content of the core services in Europe and are offered well down the edition list. They cover the data and not the logs or cached content.
Control over the keys is the other question, and the answer is that client-side encryption exists only on Frontline Plus, Enterprise Plus, Education Standard and Education Plus. If you are a fifty-person company on Business Standard, there is no configuration, add-on or upgrade path short of Enterprise Plus that stops Google being able to read your documents.
Google LLC is also a US company, so the CLOUD Act reaches it regardless of which region you selected. That is the same argument that applies to every American provider and it is not the interesting one on this page. The interesting one is that the remedy is edition-gated.
Can any of these replace Docs and Sheets, not just Drive?
Two of them, and with different degrees of honesty about it. kDrive includes collaborative document editing in the browser, so a team can open a document together the way they do in Drive, and it sits alongside Infomaniak's mail and calendar for organisations leaving Workspace rather than only Drive.
Nextcloud goes furthest, because you can attach a full office suite to it and run the whole thing yourself, which makes it the only option here where both the files and the editor are on hardware you control.
Tresorit, Internxt, pCloud and Tuta Drive are storage. They are excellent at being storage and none of them is pretending to be a document platform. If real-time co-editing is why your organisation is on Drive, do not put those four on a shortlist and expect to be pleased.
Is end-to-end encryption worth it for a team that lives in shared documents?
This is the trade that decides the page, and the answer is genuinely mixed. A provider that cannot read your files cannot index them for search, cannot render a preview, and cannot merge two people's edits in real time. Those are not missing features; they are consequences.
For a folder of contracts, patient records, board papers or HR files, that trade is obviously worth making and the loss of server-side search is an inconvenience next to the guarantee. For a marketing team co-writing a launch plan, it is friction in exchange for a protection nobody asked for.
The usual sensible outcome is a split rather than a choice: encrypted storage for the material that needs it, and a European collaborative platform for the working documents. Two of these six can be the second half of that arrangement.
Which one to pick
If your organisation is too small to buy Enterprise Plus and needs encryption Google will not sell you at your edition, Tresorit is the direct answer and the price is the price of that guarantee.
If what you are really leaving is Workspace rather than Drive, the choice is between kDrive and Nextcloud: kDrive if you want a supplier and a suite, Nextcloud if you want the editor and the files on your own hardware and have someone to run it.
If your complaint is the bundle — that more space now comes with a Gemini subscription attached — Internxt sells storage on its own from about €0.89 a month, and pCloud sells it once and never again.
And if you are already a Tuta user, put Tuta Drive on a watch list rather than a migration plan. It is in closed beta, it is coming, and the right time to move a decade of files is after a product leaves beta, not before.
Frequently Asked Questions
Tresorit if the objection is that Google can read your files and you want that fixed without running anything. Nextcloud if you want the files and the editor on your own server. Internxt if you want encrypted storage at the lowest price. kDrive if you are replacing Workspace rather than just Drive. pCloud if you would rather pay once than pay every month. Tuta Drive if you already live in Tuta and can wait for it to leave beta.
Yes. Workspace data regions let an administrator pin covered data to the United States or Europe, and they are available on a wide range of editions including Business Standard and Business Plus, not only at enterprise level. Google documents what falls outside: logs and cached content are not covered, and neither is anything outside the listed core services.
Only by buying a specific edition. Client-side encryption is the feature that removes Google's ability to decrypt your content, and it is available on Frontline Plus, Enterprise Plus, Education Standard and Education Plus. There is no add-on that brings it to Business Standard or Business Plus, which is why smaller organisations with a real confidentiality requirement end up on this page.
Every Google account includes 15 GB shared across Drive, Gmail and Photos. Beyond that, 100 GB is €1.99 a month. The 2 TB tier is sold as Google AI Plus at €9.99 a month and the 5 TB tier as Google AI Pro at €21.99, both bundling Gemini access with the storage.
The content will; the collaboration will not. Docs, Sheets and Slides export to Office formats and the text, formatting and formulas convert well. Threaded comments, suggested edits, revision history, Apps Script automations and cross-file links such as IMPORTRANGE do not. Plan to archive the bulk and rebuild the small number of documents your organisation genuinely works in.
Shared Drive links stop working when the content moves and there is no forwarding. The harder half is the people: external collaborators who have had access for years, contractors with edit rights on a folder nobody audits, and links embedded in tickets and email threads. Run the sharing report in the admin console before you migrate, because that list is the actual scope of the project.
Both sit outside American jurisdiction, which is the point at issue with Google. Switzerland adds independence from EU law as well, while holding an adequacy decision so data can flow there lawfully, and three of the six options here are Swiss. If your own rules are written around the single market, that independence turns into an extra question to answer, and Nextcloud, Internxt or Tuta keep you inside it.
kDrive matches it exactly at 15 GB free, which makes it the easiest direct comparison on this page. Internxt starts at 1 GB free and pCloud and Tuta Drive have free tiers of their own. Tresorit has no free tier at all, only a 14-day trial, and Nextcloud self-hosted is free at whatever size your disk is, which is either the most generous answer here or a category error depending on whether you own a server.
Not generally. At the time of writing Tuta Drive is in closed beta, with a public launch expected within months, and it appears on this page because it is coming rather than because it is ready. Tuta GmbH in Hanover hosts in Germany, the code is open source and the encryption is described as quantum-resistant. Treat it as one to watch rather than one to migrate to this quarter.
Who worked on this review
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